1. They raised objection against the luxurious and immoral life of the Churchmen.
2. The reformers also objected the undesirable methods of extracting money from the common man.
3. They objected to the practice of selling the offices of the Church to inefficient, immoral and corrupt persons.
4. They protested the Pope's authority to raise such taxes and fees as would make the Pope and his Bishops to live in luxury.
Describe changes that Renaissance brought about in the contemporary life of the people.
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(V. Imp.)Explain the meaning of the following terms:
The Protestant Reformation, Roman Catholics, Counter-Reformation, Humanism, Heretic, Mercantilism, Nation-State, Gold, Glory and God and Absolutism.
2. The Crusades : During the crusades many fanatic lords and barons had died. Moreover the people came in contact with the developed culture of the Arabs. The new ideas inspired them to think freely.
They started learning the superstitions and narrow mindedness which proved helpful in bringing the Renaissance.
3. Growth of Cities and Towns : The decline of feudalism promoted the growth of free cities where trade, commerce and industry grew quite rapidly. The trading class became rich and it set up several schools and colleges. The spread of learning struck at the roots of the superstitions.
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(V.Imp.)2. Dante : He was the greatest among the Renaissance poets. He also belonged to Italy. In his epic poem 'The Divine Comedy' the criticized the religious beliefs and practices of his age.
3. Thomas Moore : He was a great scholar of England. In his famous book 'Utopia' he ridiculed the malpractices and social evils of his times.
4. Erasmus: He was a great Dutch poet. In his famous work 'The Praise of Folly' he ridiculed the corrupt practices prevalent in the Church of his times.
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(Imp.)