(1) Their genes are altered by manipulation.
(2) They have incresed resistance to pests and can tolerate abiotic stresses more efficiently.
(3) They have high nutritional value.
(4) They may produce biological products which help in curing diseases.
1. Providing the best catalyst in the form of improved organism usually a microbe or pure enzyme.
2. Creating optimal conditions through engineering for a catalyst to act, and
3. Downstream processing technologies to purify the protein/organic compound.
(i) Therapeutics (ii) Genetically modified crops
(iii) Molecular diagnostics (iv) Processed food items.
(v) Bioremediation (vi) Gene therapy.
(vii) Vaccine production.
Switch
