The above reaction with acetaldehyde, CO₂ and H₂O gives 2$°$alcohol, acid and alkane respectively.

Gabriel's phthalimide synthesis is used for the preparation of primary aliphatic amines.

Haemoglobin is metalloprotein (a protein that contains a metal) which binds with oxygen and transport it in the blood stream.

Disaccharides are the carbohydrates which on hydrolysis gives two same or different monosaccharides. Their general formula is C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁. eg,

C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + H₂O$\stackrel{{\mathrm{H}}^{+}}{\to }$C₆H₁₂O₆ + C₆H₁₂O₆

sucrose glucose fructose

Terylene it is a polymer of ethylene (ethane-1,2-diol) and terephthalic (benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid).

Proteins are long polymers of$\mathrm{\alpha }$- amino acids linked by peptide (-CO-NH) bonds.

+I group (i.e., electron donating groups) stabilises the carbocation. +I and -I groups destabilises the carbanion and carbocations respectively. +I groups stabilised the free radicals but -I group destabilised them.

Common alum is K₂SO₄.Al₂(SO₄)₃.24H₂O.

Vulcanisation is a chemical process which is used to harden rubber. During this process, sulphur forms cross links at the reactive sites of double bonds and thus results in hardening of rubber.

CH₃CH₂OH + SOCl₂$\to$CH₃CH₂Cl + HCl + SO₂$\uparrow$

This method is preferred for the preparation of alkyl halide because both by product of the reaction ( i.e, SO₂ and HCl) are gases and can easily escape leaving behind pure alkyl halide.