In the following passage, some of the words have been left out. Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer to each question out of the four alternative and fill in the blanks.

While threatening the (53) of universal values, the campaign to spread democracy will not succeed. The twentieth century (54) that states could not simply remake the world or abbreviate historical transformations. Nor can they easily effect social change by transferring institutions (55) borders. Even within the ranks of territorial nation-states, the conditions for (56)  democratic government are rare; an existing state enjoying legitimacy, consent, and the ability to mediate conflicts between groups. Without such consensus, there is no single sovereign people, and therefore no (57) for arithmetical majorities.

• effable

• effective

• effusive

• effervescent