Purines |
Pyrmidines |
(1) Its molecules is double ringed. (2) It is a nine membered ring. (3) Its molecule is larger. (5) For eg. Adenine and guanine. |
(1) Its molecule is single ringed. (2) It is six membered ring. (3) lIts molecule is smaller. (4) For e.g Thymine and cytosine. |
Reducing Sugars |
Non-reducing sugars |
(1) Give bright red-precipitate with Fehling’s or Benedict’s solutions. (3) Cannot be hydrolysed. (4) All monosaccharides and some disaccharides like maltose and lactose are reducing sugars. |
(1) Do not give bright red-precipitate with Fehling’s or Benedict’s solutions. (2) Do not have free aldehyde or ketone group to reduce Cu++ to Cu+. (3) On hydrolysis give rise to reducing sugars. (4) Sucrose is non-reducing sugar. |
Oils |
Fats |
(1) Rich in unsaturated fatty acids. (2) Liquid at ordinary temperature. (3) Contain essential fatty acids.
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(1) Rich in saturated fatty acids. (2) Solid or semi-solid at ordinary temperature. (3)Do not contain essential fatty acids.
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Aldose sugar |
Ketose Sugar |
(1) It has an aldehyde group. (2) First carbon forms a part of aldehyde group. (3) Aldoses are more common in nature e.g. ribose, glucose. |
(1) It has a ketone group. (2) Second carbon forms a part of keto group. (3) Ketose are less common in nature, e.g. ribulose, fructose. |
Pyranose ring |
Furanose ring |
(1) It is hexagonal. (2) It has five carbon atoms in the ring and one oxygen atom. e.g. glucose, galactose. |
(1) It is pentagonal. (2) It has four carbon atoms and one oxygen atom in the ring. e.g. fructose. |