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    Biomolecules
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    What is α-helix ?
    α-helix is a type of secondary structure. It is a polypeptide chain coiled like a spiral due to the formation of hydrogen bonds between adjacent CO and NH groups. It is found in hairs, nails, feathers, horns, skin of vertebrates, hooves, claws etc. 

    Functions of a helix. It provides flexibility, elasticity and stability to polypeptide chain.
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    Name two substances that have plenty of cellulose.
    Wood and cotton have cellulose. 
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    How are complementary base pairs joined in a DNA double helix ?
    The base pairs are joined together by hydrogen bonds.  Complementary base pairing always takes place between a purine and a pyrimidine base.

    (2) A always pairs with T, G always pair with C.

    (3) A-T pair has two hydrogen bonds, whereas G-C pair has three hydorgen bonds.

    How are complementary base pairs joined in a DNA double helix ?

    Complementary base pairing of DNA

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    All proteins are made up of same amino acids, explain how human protein may be different from those of a dog.

    All proteins are made up of same amino acids yet they are different because each protein has its own specific linear sequence of amino acids. It is coded by a sequence of nucleotides in DNA. Large number of amino acids and their innumerable combinations allow synthesis of unending forms of proteins. Thus, variety of proteins present in man are different from that in dog. 
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    What are quarternary proteins ?
    Quarternary proteins. These are made up of two or more than two similar or dissimilar polypeptide chains linked by weak non-covalent bonds e.g. haemoglobin molecule. It consists of two α– and two β– chain forming the primary structure coiled into α– helices forming the secondary structure. 
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