Differentiate between (a) Right and Left lung (b) Tracheoles and Bronchioles

Right lung 

 Left Lung



Has 3 lobes

It is shorter by 2.5 cm.

It is broad.

 


Has 2 lobes.

It is longer.

It is narrow.

 


Tracheoles

Bronchioles

Found in insects.

Are intracellular structures.

Present in beginning within the tracheole end cell.

It finally ends in the body cells.

Its terminal parts are filled with tracheolar fluid.

Found in mammals.

Are not intracellular structures.

Present within the lungs.

It divides further to give alveolar ducts.

These have no fluid.

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 What are occupational respiratory Disorders.


Occpational Respiratory Disorders: These are those disorders which occur due to industrial pollutants. In certain industries, especially those involving grinding or stone-breaking or metal factories , long exposure can give rise to inflammation leading to fibrosis and thus causing serious lung damage. 
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What is the role of carbonic anhydrase in the transport of gases during respiration ? 

Carbonic anhydrase is most efficient enzyme. 70% of CO2 produced in R.B.C. combines with water in  the  presence of carbonic anhydrase to form carbonic acid (H2CO3) which splits to form H+ and HCO3'. CO2 as HCO3' dissociates in the presence of carbonic anhydrase to form H2O and CO2. CO2 passes from blood into air and is passed out along with expired air.

The carbonic anhydrase carries out the following reaction:


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How does respiration fulfil the energy requirement of an organism ?

During respiration food is oxidized and CO2 , H2O and energy are produced. The energy produced is stored in ATP molecules in mitochondria. Whenever energy is required it is released by ATP molecules.

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + 684 K Cal

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Select True or False :

A.

Expiration leaves a small residual volume in the lungs.

B.

The lungs are completely emptied and refilled with fresh air during breathing.

C.

The right lung is larger than the left lung in human beings.

D.

The energy carrying compound in the living cell is ATP.

E.

 Most of the oxygen and carbon dioxide get dissolved in the plasma and are carried in solution.

F.

The affinity of haemoglobin for carbon monoxide is more than its affinity for oxygen.

G.

The “mountain sickness” in persons climbing to high altitudes without the aid of oxygen cylinders is due to arterial hypoxia.

H.

The regulatory centre for respiration is situated in cerebral cortex.

A. TRUE
B. FALSE
C. TRUE
D. TRUE
E. FALSE
F. TRUE
G. TRUE
H. TRUE
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