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Write the difference between
(c) Pectoral girdle and pelvic girdle.

Pectoral girdle

Pelvic girdle

1. It is present in shoulder.        

1. It is present in hip.

2. Helps in the articulation of the lower limbs.             

2. Helps in the articulation of the lower limbs.

3. It is formed of clavicle and a scapula.

3. It is formed of two coxal bones. Each coxal bone is a fusion of three bones ie ileum, ischium and pubis.

4. It has glenoid cavity.

4. It has acetabulum cavity. 

5. Pubic symphysis is absent.

5. Pubic symphysis is present between two pelvic girdles.

 
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How do you distinguish between a skeletal muscle and a cardiac muscle?


 

Skeletal Muscle

Cardiac Muscle

The cells of skeletal muscles are unbranched.

The cells of cardiac muscles are branched.

Intercalated disks are absent.

The cells are joined with one another by intercalated disks that help in coordination or synchronization of the heart beat.

Alternate light and dark bands are present.

Faint bands are present.

They are voluntary in nature.

They are involuntary in nature.

They contract rapidly and get fatigued in a short span of time.

They contract rapidly but do not get fatigued easily.

They are present in body parts such as the legs, tongue, hands, etc.

These muscles are present in the heart and control the contraction and relaxation of the heart.

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Name the type of joint between the following:

(a) atlas/axis

(b) carpal/metacarpal of thumb

(c) between phalanges

(d) femur/acetabulum

(e) between cranial bones.

(f) between pubic bones in the pelvic girdle.


 (a) Pivot joint
(b) Saddle joint
(c) Hinge Joint
(d) Ball and socket joint
(e) Fibrous joint
(f) Ball and socket joint
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