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Write note on solute potential.


Solute potential or Ψs: It is the reduction in water potential of a solution due to the dissolution of solute. It is always negative. as the presence of solute lowers the water potential of a solution as compared to pure water. For a solution at atmospheric pressure (water potential)
Ψw = (solute potential) Ψs.
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Why walls of xylem vessels have great affinity for the attraction of water ?

Walls of xylem vessels are made of lignocellulose substances which have a great affinity for water.
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Give the significance of plasmolysis.

Plasmolysis is useful in the following ways:

1. It helps in recognition whether the cell is living or dead.

2. It helps in killing weeds. The concentrated solution of NaCl is sprayed over weeds which get killed due to plasmolysis.

3. Plasmolysis is used in preservation of food materials. Pickles and jams have more NaCl and sugar content respectively so that they must remain protected from the attack of fungus, spores, bacteria etc.

4. With the help of plasmolysis, the plants growing in crevices of walls of houses can be killed by adding hypertonic solution.

 

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What is permanent wilting ?

The wilting in which plant cannot recover its turgidity unless water is supplied to the soil.
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Discuss root pressure responsible for ascent of sap

Root pressure : It is a positive force. It is due to the osmosis of water, from the soil into the root cells and the active pumping of salts into the xylem tissue, which maintains a concentration gradient along which the water will move. It is responsible for the ascent of sap to small heights.

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