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Internal factors affecting transpiration :

1.Surface area of leaf - Leves having larger surface are have more transpiration. 

2.Thickness of cuticle - Thick cuticle layer lowers the rate of transpiration. 

3. Number of stomata - more the number of transpiration more will be the transpiration. 

4. Sunken stomata - lowers the rate of transpiration. 

 

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Transpiration occurs through the stomata. The stomata are primarily meant for absorption of CO_2, but the water vapors also escape through stomata and cause transpiration. Thus transpiration is called as a necessary evil because it is an inevitable process. The loss of water can lead to wilting, serious desiccation, and shortage of water. Transpiration helps in the ascent of the sap and the pulling of the water from the roots to the tips. Thus is it considered to be a necessary evil. 

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Antitranspirants : These are the chemicals which reduce transpiration. These are used to prevent water loss when there is drought. These anti-transpirants are of two types :

 

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The difference between the stomata of  monocot and dicot are -: 
 1. Stomata distribution - In monocots stomata are equally distributed while in the dicots the stomata is usually found on the lower surface of the leaf.

2. Guard cell shape - In monocots the guard cells are dumbell shaped while in the dicots they are kidney or bean shaped. 

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It is the living complex of the plant made up of protoplast which are connected through plasmodesmata.