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Class 10 Class 12
A train is moving with a velocity of 30 km/hr due east and a car is moving with a velocity of 40 km/hr due north. What is the velocity of car as  appears to a passenger in the train?

Velocity of train, vT = 30 km /hr

Velocity of car, vc = 40 km/hr

To find: relative velocity of car w.r.t. train. To bring the train at rest, apply equal and opposite velocity of train on car, which is 30 km/hr.

So, relative velocity of car w.r.t train is,

vCT = OD = (OB2 + BD2)1/2

= (402 + 302)1/2

= 50 km/hr

Let <DOB = , then

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What is a scalar quantity?

A physical quantity that requires only magnitude for its complete specification is called a scalar quantity.
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Give three examples of vector quantities.

Force, impulse and momentum.
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What is a vector quantity?

A physical quantity that requires direction along with magnitude, for its complete specification is called a vector quantity.
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Give three examples of scalar quantities.

Mass, temperature and energy
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What are the basic characteristics that a quantity must possess so that it may be a vector quantity?

A quantity must possess the direction and must follow the vector axioms. Any quantity that follows the vector axioms are classified as vectors.

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