Western Ghats

Eastern Ghats

1. Western Ghats flank the Deccan Lava Plateau on the west.

2. These have a general altitude ranging from 900 to 1100 metres.

3. These Ghats are generally forested with the character of vegetation changing from evergreen to deciduous varieties.

1. Eastern Ghats border the Peninsular interior on the east.

2. They are not so high and consist of discontinuous line of hills.

3. The hills consist of three main groups: (i) The northern hills, (ii) The middle hills and the, (iii) Tamil Nadu hills. The northern hills are more forested than the southern.

Gorge

Rift Valley

1. Gorge is a valley which is more than usually deep and narrow, with steep walls, or nearly vertical slope such as the Indus Gorge. Gorges are formed due to down cutting or rising of river banks and lowering of river bed.

2. It is associated with compressional forces.

1. Rift valley is a valley which has been formed by the sinking of land between two roughly parallel faults, such a valley is long in proportion or its width. Examples of rift valleys, are such as Narmada rift valley, Damodar rift valley and Tapi rift valley.

2. It is associated with tensional forces.

Bhabar

Tarai

1. Bhabar is a long narrow plain along the foothills.

2. It is pebble-studded zone of porous beds.

3. It is 8-16 km wide.

4. Streams area a lot in the region due to porous rocks.

5. It is unsuitable for agriculture.

1. Tarai is a broad long zone south of Bhabar plain.

2. It is a marshy damp area covered with thick forests.

3. It is 20 to 30 km wide.

4. Many streams re-emerge here from the Bhabar area.

5. It is suitable for agriculture.

Islands of Arabian Sea

Islands of Bay of Bengal

Lakshadweep contains a number of islands. Eleven islands are comparatively larger. All the islands have been built by corals and have fringing reefs close to their shores.

The islands of Bay of Bengal are Andman and Nicobar islands. These are elevated portions of submarine mountains. These are 550 in number. Barren island is a dormant volcano.

Folding

Faulting

1. The bending up of rocks strata is known as folding.

2. Folding is caused due to the forces of compression.

3. Folds are formed due to contraction of the area.

4. A fold has two parts - Anticline and syncline.

1. The breaking up of rocks is known as faulting.

2. The faulting is caused due to the forces of tension.

3. Faults are formed due to the expansion of area.

4. A fault has two sides-up thrown side and down thrown side.

Vindhya Mountains

Western Ghats

1. Vindhyas are extended south of Malwa Plateau.

2. It is running parallel to the river Narmada.

3. It is composed of sand stones, limestones and shales.

1. Western Ghats flank the Deccan lava plateau on the west.

2. They have a general altitude ranging from 900 to 1100 meters.

3. The Western Ghats are generally forested with different types of vegetation ranging from evergreen to deciduous forests.