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The given data suggests that the metal X must be aluminium because it reacts with NaOH to first give a white ppt. (A) which dissolves is excess of NaOH to receive a soluble complex (B). Since compound Al(OH) 3 [A] is amphoteric in nature, it reacts with dil. HCl to form (C) which must be AlCl 3 Further (A) on heating gives (D) which is usded to extract metal, it shows that (D) must be alumina

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The p-Block Elements

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Chemistry Part II

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Chemistry

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The p-Block Elements

When metal X is treated with sodium hydroxide, a white precipitate (A) is obtained, which is soluble in excess of NaOH to give soluble complex (B). Compound (A) is soluble in dilute HCl to form compound (C).
The compound (A) when heated strongly gives (D) which is used to extract metal. Identify (X), (A), (B), (C) and (D). Write suitable equations to support their identities.

The given data suggests that the metal X must be aluminium because it reacts with NaOH to first give a white ppt. (A) which dissolves is excess of NaOH to receive a soluble complex (B).

Since compound Al(OH)₃ [A] is amphoteric in nature, it reacts with dil. HCl to form (C) which must be AlCl₃

Further (A) on heating gives (D) which is usded to extract metal, it shows that (D) must be alumina

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In some of the reactions, thallium resembles aluminium whereas in others it resembles with group 1 metals. Support this statement by giving some evidences.

Thallium resembles aluminium:

(i) Al shows a uniform oxidation state of + 3 and Tl also shows +3 oxidation states in its certain compounds such as TlCl₃, Tl₂O₃ etc.

(ii) Both Al and Tl form octahedral complexes [AlF₆]^3– and [TlF₆]^3– respectively.

Thallium resembles group 1 metals:

(i) Thallium (Tl) and group 1 metals show an oxidation state of + 1. Thallium shows an oxidation state of + 1 due to inert pair effect in some of its compounds like Tl₂O, TICl₆ TIClO₄ etc.

(ii) Like group 1 oxides, Tl₂O is strongly basic.

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Write balanced equations for:
$straight B subscript 2 straight H subscript 6 space plus space NH subscript 3 space rightwards arrow$

3B₂H₆ +6NH₃ → 2B₃N₃H₆ +12H₂

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Write balanced equations for:
$NaH space plus space straight B subscript 2 straight H subscript 6 space space rightwards arrow$

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Write balanced equations for:
$straight B subscript 2 straight H subscript 6 space plus space straight H subscript 2 straight O space space rightwards arrow$

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