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    Natural Vegetation
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    What is flora ? 

    It refers to natural vegetation growing in a particular area.

     
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    • 'India is a land of great variety of natural vegetation'. Examine
    India is a land of great variety of natural vegetation: 

    (i)Himalayan heights are marked with temperate vegetation; the Western Ghats and the Andaman Nicobar Islands have tropical rain forests, the deltaic regions have tropical forests and mangroves. 

    (ii)The desert and semi-desert areas of Rajasthan are known for cacti, a wide variety of bushes and thorny vegetation.

    (iii)Depending upon the variations in the climate and the soil, the vegetation of India changes from one region to another.
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    Describe the aims of the India's new forest policy that was modified in 1988.

    The forest policy aimed at :


    (i)bringing 33 per cent of the geographical areas under forest cover;

    (ii)maintaining environmental stability and to restore forests where ecological balance was disturbed;

    (iii)conserving the natural heritage of the country, its biological diversity and genetic pool;

    (iv)checks soil erosion, extension of the desert lands and reduction of floods and droughts;

    (v)increasing the forest cover through social forestry and afforestation on degraded land.
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    Which five states of India have less than 10 percent of their geographical area under forests?
    The states with less than 10 percent of the forest area are Rajasthan, Gujarat, Punjab, Haryana and Delhi.
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    Why is it necessary to increase the area under forest in India ?
    Area under forest is very rapidly decreasing. It is now 21% of the total land area in India. It should be at least 33% of the land area. So, it is very necessary to increase the area under forest in India. Our population is increasing. We need wood, fruit, roots, barks from the forests. We get taw materials from the forests for our industries. Thus, forest cover should be necessarily increased.
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    Write the measures, you understand fit for the protection of wildlife.
    (i) Ban on hunting should be strictly imposed.

    (ii) Poachers and herdsmen should not be allowed to enter the forests.

    (iii) More national parks and wildlife sanctuaries should be established.

    (iv) Captive breeding of wildlife should be encouraged.

    (v) Seminars, workshops, exhibitions etc. should be organised to highlight the importance of the protection of wild life to the public.

    (vi) Adequate medical facilities should be provided to the wildlife.

    (vii) Proper conditions should be created for the living and breeding.

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