Describe the aims of the India's new forest policy that was modified in 1988.

The forest policy aimed at :


(i)bringing 33 per cent of the geographical areas under forest cover;

(ii)maintaining environmental stability and to restore forests where ecological balance was disturbed;

(iii)conserving the natural heritage of the country, its biological diversity and genetic pool;

(iv)checks soil erosion, extension of the desert lands and reduction of floods and droughts;

(v)increasing the forest cover through social forestry and afforestation on degraded land.
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Explain agroforestry as a category of social forestry.

Agroforestry:

(i)It is the raising of trees and agriculture crops on the same land inclusive of the waste patches.

(ii)It combines forestry with agriculture, thus, altering the simultaneous production of food, fodder, fuel, timber and fruit.

(iii)Community forestry involves the raising of trees on public or community land such as the village pasture and temple land, roadside, canal bank, strips along railway lines, and schools etc.

(iv)Community forestry programme aims at providing benefits to the community as a whole.

(v)Community forestry provides a means under which the people of landless classes can associate themselves in tree raising and thus, get those benefits which otherwise are restricted for landowners.
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When was the National Forest Policy adopted in India?

The National Forest Policy in India was adopted in 1952.
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Define social forestry. Name three categories of social forestry.

Social forestry means the management and protection of forests and afforestation on barren lands with the purpose of helping in the environmental, social and rural development.

The three categories are:

(i)Urban forestry

(ii)Rural forestry 

(iii)Farm forestry
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Which five states of India have less than 10 percent of their geographical area under forests?


The states with less than 10 percent of the forest area are Rajasthan, Gujarat, Punjab, Haryana and Delhi.
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