A firm has taken the decision to employ more male employees than female employees because they can work overtime in case of excess work. Which values are being affected here?


(i) Gender biasness

(ii) Conservatism

(iii) Effect of male dominating society

(iv) Inequality of rights for same work.

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Is management a ‘Science’? Explain.

Yes, management is a science. Here, it is important to apply the characteristics of science tomanagement in order to find out the validity of the answer. Following are the main points:

(i) Systematised Body of Knowledge: It is necessary for science to be a systematised bodyof knowledge. Management is also a systematised body of knowledge because it has its owntheory and principles which are developed by the management experts after years ofresearch.

(ii) Principles Based on Experimentation: After applying this characteristic of science tomanagement, we find that development of management took years for the collection offacts, their analysis and experiments. In other words, management came into existencebecause of the continuous and encouraging labour of the theorists and various peopleconcerned.

(iii) Universal Validity: Scientific principles are based on truth and they can be applied atevery time and in every situation. Thus, its universal application is possible. In the field of management too, managerial knowledge and principles of management are considered to be based on truth and they, too, can be applied anywhere and in every situation. But the principles of management are not as exact as the principles of science as their application may not yield the desired results always.

Conclusion: The subject matter of management is 'Human Being' who is an intelligent and sensitive being and whose behaviour or conduct changes according to the changing situations. Therefore, no permanent principles like the principles of physics and chemistry can be enunciated in relation to his conduct or behaviour. Clearly the science of management cannot be called a natural or pure science but it should be described as an Applied Science or InexactScience.



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In an organisation Ashok and Sheela are working at the same posts but being male employee Ashok has more rights than Sheela. Which value is violated here?


Gender biasness.

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An organisation has done plantation around its factory premises and only after purifying the wastes, it throws it into the drains. Which values are being followed by the organisation?


(i) Safety from water and air pollution

(ii) Protection of Environment

(iii) Fulfilling the Social responsibility.

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An organisation proposes the use of CFL’s and LED’s which consumes less electricity than normal bulbs for its lighting arrangements. Which value is attained by the organisation?


(i) Save electricity

(ii) Reduction in cost

(iii) Protection of environment.

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