Write the mechanism of hydration of ethene to yield ethanol.
The mechanism of the reaction involves the following three step:
Step 1: Proptonation of ethene to form carbocation by electrophilic attack of H3O+.
Step 2: Nucleophilic attack of water on carbocation.
Step 3: Deprotonation to form an ethanol.
(HCl—ZnCl2) is lucas reagent, lucas reagent react with alcohol however it does not react with primary alcohol but readily gives turbidity with tertiary alcohols.
a) Reaction with (HCl—ZnCl2):
Butan-1-ol is primary alcohol thus no reaction occur.
where as 2-methyl butan-2-ol is tertiary alcohol, it forms 2-chloro-2-methylbutane.
(a) Eight isomeric alcohols are possible:
b) Primary alcohol: pentan-1-ol; methylbutan-1-ol; 3-methyl-1-ol; 2,2Dimethylpropan-1-ol.
Secondary alcohol: Pentan-2-ol; 3-methylbutan-2-ol; pentan-3-ol
Tertiary alcohol: 2-methylbutan-2-ol
Give the equations of reaction for the preparation of phenol from cumene.