Land use in a region, to a large extent, is influenced by the nature of economic activities carried out in that region. Support the statement giving three examples from India.


Land use in a region is influenced by economic activities carried out in that region:

(i) The size of the economy - It grows over time as a result of increasing population, change in income levels, available technology and associated factors. As a result, the pressure on land will increase with time and marginal lands would come under use

(ii) The composition of the economy - The composition of the economy would undergo a change over time. In other words, the secondary and the tertiary sectors usually grow much faster than the primary sector, specifically the agricultural sector.

(iii) The contribution of the agricultural activities- Though the contribution of the agricultural activities reduces over time, the pressure on land for agricultural activities does not decline.

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State any two characteristics each of the three distinct 'cropping seasons' of lndia.


There are three distinct crop seasons: 

(i) Kharif-The Kharif season largely coincides with Southwest Monsoon under which the cultivation of tropical crops such as rice, cotton, jute, jowar, bajra and tur is possible.

 (ii) Rabi - The Rabi season begins with the onset of winter in October-November and ends in March-April. The low temperature conditions during this season facilitate the cultivation of temperate and subtropical crops such as wheat, gram and mustard.

 (iii) Zaid - Zaid is a short duration summer cropping season beginning after harvesting of Rabi crops. The cultivation of watermelons, cucumbers, vegetables and fodder crops during this season is done on irrigated lands.

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Classify rainfed farming on the basis of adequacy of soil moisture during cropping season.


1. Dry land farming.
2. Wet land farming.

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Differentiate between protective irrigation and productive irrigation.


Differentiation between protective irrigation and productive irrigation :

 Protective irrigation- (i) It protects the crops from adverse effects of soil moisture deficiency. (ii) Irrigation acts as a supplementary source of water over and above rainfall. (iii) Provides soil moisture to maximum possible area.

Productive irrigation- (i) It provides sufficient soil moisture in the cropping season to achieve high productivity. (ii) In such irrigation the water input per unit area of cultivated land is higher than protective irrigation. (iii) Productivity is high. 

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Examine the three strategies of development adopted by the government to increase food grains productions just after independence.


The three strategies of development adopted by the government to increase food grains productions just after independence:

(i) Switching over from cash crops to food crops

(ii) Intensification of cropping over already cultivated land

(iii) Increasing cultivated area by bringing cultivable and fallow land under plough.

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