D.

Homo neanderthalensis

Homo habilis had the smallest brain capacity. Homo habilis also called the 'tool maker' or 'hand man' had a brain capacity of 700 cc.
Homo erectus had a brain or cranial capacity of 800-1300 cc.
Homo sapiens or modern man showed a slight reduction in brain/cranial capacity, i.e. 1300-1600 cc will be an average of 1450 cc. 

C.

adaptive radiation

Darwin's finches are a good example of adaptive radiation. It is an evolutionary process starting from a point in the geographical area, giving rise to new species depending upon habitat. Main Darwin finch was in South America, some flew to Galapagos islands and some variations got selected and gave rise to new species.

A.

individuals mate selectively

Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium exists in population only when following conditions are present.
No mutation
No gene flow
No genetic drift
No genetic recombination
No natural selection pressure.
If the individuals in the population mate selectively, it will had to mutation thus shifting the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

C.

Increasing brain capacity 

The first human- like being was the hominid, called Homo habilis. The brain capacities were between 650 - 800 cc. They probably did not eat meat. Fossils discovered in Java in 1891 revealed the next stage, i.e, Homo erectus. Homo erectus had a large brain and probably ate meat. The Neanderthal man with a brain size of 1400 cc lived in near east and central Asia between 1,00,000-40,000 year back. They used hides to protect their body and buried their dead. Homo sapiens arose in Africa and moved across continents and developed into distinct races. During ice age between 75,000 - 10,000 years back modern HOmo sapiens arose

B.

Gills of prawn and lungs of man

Analogous organs are the structures of different species having similar or corresponding functions but different structure. They do not belong to the same evolutionary origins.

Wings of bat are skin folds stretched mainly between elongated fingers but the wing of birds are a feather covering all along the arm. They look similar because they have a common use for flying but their origin is not common.