A.

fructose and calcium

Seminal plasma is the fluid in which sperms are bathed. It contains secretions from seminal vesicle and prostate gland. Seminal fluid contains fructose, citrate, inositol, prostaglandins and several proteins. Prostate secretes a thin, milky fluid that contains calcium, cittrate ion, phosphate ion, a clotting enzyme and a profibrinolysin.

D.

frog's both males and females

In the male frog, vasa efferential finally communicates with the urogenital duct tat comes out of the kidneys and open into claca. The cloaca is a small, median chamber that is used to pass faecal matter, urine and sperms to the exterior.

C.

seminiferous tubules and provide nutrition to germ cells

The epithelium of seminiferous tubule is made up of two types of cells -Sertoli cells and spermatogenic cells and spermatogenic cells. Sertoli cells are elongated and pyramidal which partially envelop the spermatogenic cells. These nourish spermatozoa, act as nurse cells for differentiating spermatozoa. These secrete a glycoprotein hormone, called inhibin which is involved in the negative feedback control of sperm production.

B.

rete testis to vas deferens

Rete testis is connected to caput epididymis by 12-20 fine tubules called vasa efferentia or ductuli efferens. These collect sperms from inside the testis and transfer them to the epididymis. Vas deferens arises from caudal epididymis, conducts sperms from epididymis to urethra.

B.

Either zygote or early embryo up to 8 cell stage

In vitro fertilisation (IVF) or test -tube baby technique involves fertilising one or more eggs outside the body then transferring the fertilised eggs known as pre - embryos back into the uterus. Zygote Intra-Fallopian Transfer (ZIFT) is an example of IVF. In this, the zygote or early embryos up to 8blastomeres are transferred into the fallopian tube. if the embryo has more than 8 blastomeres then it is transferred into uterus called as IUT.