For a general reaction a A + bB → products. The following initial rates are determined experimentally with the initial amounts of A and B

S.No.

A(M)

B(M)

Initial rate (M)

1.

1.00

1.00

1.2 x 10–2

2.

1.00

2.00

4.8 x 10–2

3.

1.00

4.00

1.9 x 10–1

4.

4.00

1.00

4.9 x 10–2

Assuming that rate law can be written as
 
                              Rate = kAα Bβ
Determine the value of k, α and β.


We have to assume that law canbe written as  Rate = kAα Bβ

Thus 

r2r1 = k(A2)α (B2)βkA1α B1β

or      4.8 × 10-21.2 × 10-2 = (1)α (2.0)β(1)α B1β   or     41 = 21β     or   β = 2.

From reaction no. (iv) and (i)    r4r1 = k(A4)α (B4)βkA1α B1β 

or             4.9 × 10-21.2 × 10-2 = (4)α(1)α×(1)β(1)β  or  α = 1.

The order of the reaction is first order with respect to A and second order with respect to B. Overall order of the reaction is 3.

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 For a reaction: A + B → Products
The rate law expression is, rate = k[A]1/3.[B]2. What is the order of reaction?

The rate law expression is
rate = k[A]1/3[B]2

Order of reaction = 13+2 = 213
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State the order with respect to each reactant and overall order for the reaction
2H2(g) + 2NO(g) → 2H2O(g) + N2(g)
Rate = k[H2][NO]2

 


Rate = k[H2] [NO]2
The order of each reactant
Order with respect to H2 = 1
Order with respect to NO = 2.

Overall order = 1 + 2 = 3.

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For the reaction A → B + C, the following data were obtained:

t in seconds

0

900

1800

Cone. of A

50.8

19.7

7.62

Prove that the reaction is of first order of A to decompose to one-half.


For the first order reaction can given by
 
k = 2.303tlog A0At

At t = 900 seconds, 

A0 = 50.8  and At = 19.7 at t = 1800 seconds, A0 = 50.8  and At = 7.62
                                                                 k = 2.303tlog A0At
(i)                         k=2.303900 slog50.819.7 = 2.303900 s× 0.4114 = 1.048 × 10-3 s-1

(ii)                        k = 2.3031800 slog50.87.62 = 2.3031800 s×0.839 = 1.052 × 10-3 s-1


Since the value of k is both case is almost same thus it is first order reaction.

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The rates of reaction starting with initial concentrations 2 x 10–3 M and 1 x 10–3M are equal to 2.40 x 10–4 M S–1 and 0.60 x 10–4 M s–1 respectively. Calculate the order of the reaction with respect to reactant and also the rate constant.


We have given intial concentration 2x10-3and 1x10-3
  the intial concentration equal to  2.40 x 10-4 Ms-1 and 0.60 x10-4 MS-1

Let the rate be  = kAx

From the trial (i) and (ii), we get

                      2.40 × 10-4 M s-10.6 × 10-4 M s-1 = 2×10-31×10-3x
or                                          4 = (2)x      or   x = 2.
Thus reaction is of second order

                       Rate = kA2k = RateA2 = 2.4×10-4 mol L-1 s-1(2×10-3 mol L-1)2   = 2.4 × 10-4 mol L-1 s-14 × 10-6 mol2 L-2 = 0.6 × 102 mol-1 L s-1

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