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    Electrochemistry
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    Define molar conductivity of an electrolytic solution. Mention the effect of temperature on molar conductivity.

    Molar conductivity is defined as the electrolytic conductivity power of all the ions furnished by 1 mol of the electrolyte at a given concentration in solution. It is given as

    Λm = kCm

    where Am = Molar conductivity.
    k = Specific conductivity. Cm = Concentration in molar per litre.

    Effect of temperature on molar conductivity. The speed of movement of ions increases with an increase in temperature. Therefore, molar conductivity increases with temperature.
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    E0Ni2+/Ni and E0Cu2+/Cu are -0.25 V and + 0.34 respectively at 298 K. Formulate the self operating galvanic cell for this electrode pair. What reaction takes place in its operation? How is the ΔG° for this reaction related to the cell e.m.f.?
    The cell may be represented as:
    The cell may be represented as:Relationship between ag° and cell e.m
    Relationship between ag° and cell e.m.f.
    box enclose increment straight G space equals space minus nE degree straight F end enclose
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    How does molar conductance of a strong electrolyte vary with its concentration in solution?
    The molar conductivity of a strong electrolyte like KCl decreases slightly as the concentration is increased. This is because greater inter ionic attractions retard the motion of the ions and therefore molar conductivity decreases.
    At low concentrations, the molar conductance of strong electrolyte can be expressed by the relationship.
    The molar conductivity of a strong electrolyte like KCl decreases sli
    where
    Λm = molar conductance at concentration C.
    Λm = molar conductance at infinite dilution. K = constant
    C = concentration of solution on molar scale.
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    How does molar conductance of a weak electrolyte vary with its concentration in solution?
    The molar conductivity of a weak electrolyte like CH3COOH and NH3 etc. increases with decreases in concentration of the solute in solution. The increase is vary rapid at lower concentrations. The increases in the molar conductance with dilution is due to an increase in the effective degree of ionisation (α) at lower concentration and release of more free ions in the solution.
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    What happens during corrosion of a metal? State the electrochemical basis of corrosion of iron.
    Metal reacts with gases present in atmosphere to form surface compounds in corrosion. The electrochemical basis of corrosion of iron is as follows:
    Metal reacts with gases present in atmosphere to form surface compoun
    Iron in contact with the dissolved CO2 and O2 undergoes oxidation as follows:
    Fe → Fe2+ + 2e– E°oxidation = + 0.44 V
    The elctrons lost by iron are taken up by the H+ ions present on the surface of the metal which were produced by the dissociation of H2CO3 and H2O.
       Metal reacts with gases present in atmosphere to form surface compoun Metal reacts with gases present in atmosphere to form surface compoun
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