How is molar conductivity related to concentration of an electrolyte? How will you explain a weak and a strong electrolyte based on their conductivity values?

conductivity and molar conductivity change with the concentration of the electrolyte. Conductivity always decreases with decrease in concentration both, for weak and strong electrolytes.


Molar conductivity varies with the concentration of electolytes.

Λm = Λm-bC
Here b = Experimental constant
Λm = Molar conductivity at infinite solution.
The plot of Λ
m versus C would give a straight line.

212 Views

What is the effect of change in (a) concentration, (b) temperature on the electrode potential of a given half-cell?

For a half-cell in which the electrode reaction is,
               Mn++ne- = M
The Nernst equation is
         E = E°Mn+/M-2.303 RTnFlog1Mn+    = E°Mn+/M+2.303 RTnFlog[Mn+]
From the equation, E ∝ T and E ∝ [Mn+]
(a) When the concentration of Mn+ increases, the half-cell potential increases and vice-versa.
(b) When temperature increases, the half-cell potential also increases.
143 Views

What is corrosion? What are the factors which effect corrosions? CO2 is always present in natural water. Explain its affect (increases, stops or no effect > on rusting of Fe.)

Corrosion slowly coats the surfaces of metallic objects with oxides or other salts of the metal. The rusting of iron, tarnishing of silver, development of green coating on copper and bronze are some of the
examples of corrosion.

presence of CO2 are factors which affect corrosion, COincreases rusting of iron.
Carbon dioxide reacts with water:
CO2 + H2O --> HCO3- + H+
As the concentration of CO2 increases, so does the concentration of the H+ ion. This ion then react with Fe in metals: Fe + 2H+ --> 2H (atom) + Fe2+ As corrosion proceeds, the ferrous ions produced react with the bicarbonate ions to form ferrous carbonate which precipitated as a scale
135 Views

Advertisement

What is a salt bridge? What is its significance?


Salt bridge. A salt bridge consists of a saturated solution of NH4NO3 or KCl mixed with gelatin or agar jelly filled in a glass tube bent according to the requirement of the experiment.
Significance:
(i) Salt bridge prevents mixing of two electrolytes.
(ii) Prevents junction potential.
(iii) Maintains electrical neutraility.

186 Views

Advertisement
Iron does not rust even if the zinc coating is broken in a galvanised iron pipe but, rusting occurs much faster if the tin coating over iron is broken. Explain?

Zinc is more electro-positive than iron. Therefore, as long as zinc is there on the iron pipe, zinc acts as anode and the iron as cathode. As a result, rusting of iron is prevented.
On the other hand, tin is less electro-positive than iron. Therefore, when tin coating over iron gets broken, iron acts as anode and gets oxidised. Thus even when tin is there, the exposed iron gets rusted.

811 Views

Advertisement