What are the value ΔH, ΔV and Ptotal for a solution showing negative deviation from identity? Give one example.

Answer:
A solution showing negtive deviation:
ΔH = –ve,
ΔV = – ve, Ptotal < P0A XA + P0B XB
Example: Solution of chloroform and acetone.

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State any two characteristics of an ideal solution.

Answer:

The two characteristics of ideal solution is:
(i) An ideal solution follows Raoult’s law and the components can be separated by fractional distillation.

(ii) ΔHmix = 0,
ΔVmix = 0,
A-A, B-B and A-B interactions of same length.

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Why do doctors advice gargles of saline water in case of soring of throat?

Answer:

Doctor advice gargle by saline water in case of sore throat. Relief is observed in sore throat by saline water due to osmosis process
Saline water is hypertonic solution. Therefore, fluids causing irritation in throat comes out with saline water.
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If the membrane used in determination of osmotic pressure is slight leaking, how will it influence the measured value of osmotic pressure?


Answer:

Solvent will diffuse into solution and concentration of solute will decrease. Therefore, measured value of osmotic pressure will be lower.
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Give an example of a compound in which hydrogen bonding results in the formation of a dimer.

Acetic acid and benzoic acid exist as dimer due to hydrogen bonding when dissolved in an organic solvent.

Acetic acid and benzoic acid exist as dimer due to hydrogen bonding w
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