Why should a solution of a non-volatile solute boil at a higher temperature ? Draw the diagram to prove your point?

Boiling point is that temperature at which the vapour pressure of the solution becomes equal to the external pressure since on adding a nonvolatile solute, the vapour pressure of the solution gets lowered, therefore, it will boil at a higher temperature.

Boiling point is that temperature at which the vapour pressure of the
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Why should the solution of a nonvolatile solute freeze at a lower temperature? Draw a neat diagram to prove your point.

Since the vapour pressure of a solution is lower than that of pure solvent, the temperature of freezing point of the solution is lower than that of pure solvent.
T0is the freezing point of pure liquid solvent. Tf is the freezing point of solution.

Since the vapour pressure of a solution is lower than that of pure so


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Which type of deviation is shown by the solution formed by mixing cyclohexane and ethanol?

ANswer:

Hydrogen bonds exist among the molecules of ethanol (i.e., strong forces). When cyclohexane is added to ethanol, the cyclohexane molecule will come in between the ethanol molecules and disturb the hydrogen bondings. The forces between ethanol and cyclohexane will be weaker than the previous forces (H-bonding), hence there will be positive deviation.
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Illustrate elevation in boiling point with the help of vapour pressure temperature curve of a solution. Show that elevation in boiling point is a colligative property?

ΔTb = T2 – T1, ΔTb ∝ m
ΔTb = Kx m
Since ΔTb depends on molality of solution and not on nature of solute, therefore, ΔTb is a colligative property.

ΔTb = T2 – T1, ΔTb ∝ mΔTb = Kb x mSince ΔTb depends on

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(a) Draw a labelled diagram to show the change in vapour pressure of a solvent, when a non-volatile solute is added to it.
(b) Show that the change in boiling point of the solvent in this diagram?


(a) It is found that the boiling point of the solution is always higher than that of the pure solvent. The elevation in boiling point is the increase in boiling point when a non-volatile solute is added to a solvent.

(a) It is found that the boiling point of the solution is always high

(b) In the above diagram ΔTb indicates the change (increase) in boiling point of solvent.
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