State Raoult’s layer for a binary solution containing volatile components.

Answer:

Raoult's law states that for a solution of volatile liquid, the partial vapour pressure of each component in the solution is directly proportional to its mole fraction.
Thus if there is solution of two liquid component 1and 2, then
for component 1,
      
      p1   x1and p1 = p10x1For component 2,p2 = p20x2

Where 
p1p2 = partial vapour pressure of two volatile component in solution 1 and 2 
p10 p 20 = vapour pressure of pure component1 and 2
x1x2 = mole fraction of component.

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Write the mathematical expression relating the molality and the relative lowering of vapour pressure for a dilute solution.


Answer:

Relative lowering vapour pressure and molality are related by the equaton:

                  p° - pp°  = mMA1000
where,
m = molality of the solution
MA = Molar mass of the solvent.

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What are azeotropic solutions?

Answer:

Azeotropes are a mixture of at least two different liquids. Their mixturecan either have a higher boiling point than either of the components or they can have a lower boiling point. Azeotropes occur when fraction of the liquids cannot be altered by distillation. 
example ethanol (95.5%) + water (4.5) mixture boils at 351.5k

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Two liquids A and B boil at 1450C and 1900C respectively. Which of them has higher vapour pressure at 900C.

Answer:

Lower A has lower boiling point so it is being more volatile and has high vapour pressure at 800 C. Becausevapour pressure has an inverse relation with boiling point. 

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Define osmatic pressure.

Answer:

Osmotic pressure is the minimum pressurewhich needs to be applied to a solution to prevent the inward flow of water across a semipermeable membrane. It is also definedas the measure of the tendency of a solution to take in water by osmosis.

or 

osmotic pressure is proportional to the molarity, C of the solution at a given temperature T. Thus:

Π = C R T

Here Π is the osmotic pressure and R is the
gas constant.

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