An element (At. mass 60) have face centred cubic structure has a density of 6.23 g cm–3. What is the edge length of the unit cell?

Solution:
we have given that
Atomic mass of element = 60.
Number of atoms per fcc unit cell = 4
Density of the element = 6.23 g/cm
3

                              
= 6.231023 g/(pm)3

Density,         d=N×MNA×a3


or              a3 = N×Md×NA      =60×4×10306.23×6.02×1023      = 64 × 106 (pm)3


 Therefore, edge of unit cell, a = 400 pm.
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An element X with an atomic mass of 60 g/mol has density of 6.23 g/cm–3. If the edge length of its cubic unit cell is 400 pm, identify the type of cubic unit cell. Calculate the radius of an atom of this element.

Solution:
we have given that 
Density, d = 6.23 g/cm3
              a = 400 pm
              M = 60g/mol-1
 
Volume  = (a3)=(400)3 = (400×10-10 cm)3

Z=d×a3×NAM

NAM=6.023×1023 mol-160 g/mol 

Z = 6.023 g cm-3×(400)3×10-30 cm3×6.023×1023 mol-160 g mol-1    = 6.023×64×6.023600   = 2401.49600=4.

Hence, the type of cubic unit cell is FCC


Radius = aa2=40022=2002

              = 2001.414=141.4 pm. 

So radius of element is 141.4 pm

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An element crystallizes in a structure having a fcc unit cell of an edge 200 pm. Calculate its density if 200 g of this element contains 24 x 1023 atoms.

Solution:
We have given that
Edge length of the unit cell
= 200 pm = 200 x 10–10 cm

Vol. of the unit cell
= (200 x 10–10 cm)= 8 x 10–24 cm3
Therefore, volume of the substance
= Vol. of unit cell x Vol. of 1 unit cell.

Since the element has a fcc unit cell, number of atoms per unit cell = 4.
Total number of atoms = Atoms/unit cell x number of unit cells.
                                     = 24 x 1023atoms = 4

atoms/unit cell x No. of unit cells.

∴   No. of unit cells = 24×1023 atoms4 atoms/unit cell

                               = 6×1023 unit cells.

∴  Volume of the substance
                   6×1023 unit cell × 8× 10-24 cm3/unit cell = 4.8 cm3


Now,     Density  = MassVolume               = 200g4.8 cm3 =4.17 g cm-3.



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Caesium chloride crystallises as a body centred cubic lattice and has a density of 4.0 g cm–3 Calculate the length of the edge of the unit cell of caesium chloride crystal.
         [Molar Mass of CsCl = 168.5 g mol–1, NA = 6.02 x 1023 mol–1]


Solution;
we have given that    

   Z =1, ρ = 4 g cm-3,
        M = 168.5 mol-1,NA = 6.02×1023mol-1   ρ = Z×Ma3×N

or          a3 = Z×Mρ×NA    = 1×168.5g mol-14×6.02×1023    = 168.5×10-2324.08
log a3 = log 168.5 + log 10-23 - log 24.083 log a = 2.2266 - 23.000-1.38163 log a = -22.1550+2-23 log a = 24+(2.1550)       a = Antilog 8¯.7183 = 5.228×10-8cm         = 5.228×10-8×1010pm = 522.8 pm.

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Iron (II) oxide has a cubic structure and each of the unit cell is 5.0 A°. If density of the oxide is 4.0 g cm-3, calculate the number of Fe2+ and O2– ions present in each unit cell.

Volume of the unit cell = (5 A°)
= (5 x 10–8 cm)3
= 125 x 10–24 cm3
= 1.25 x 10–22 cm3
Density of FeO = 4.0 g cm–3

Therefore, mass of the unit cell
= 1.25 x 10–22 cm3 x 4 g cm–3
= 5 x 10–22g
Mass of all molecules of FeO
=726.022×1023= 1.195 × 10-22 g

 Number of FeO molecules/unit cell
=5×10-22g1.195×10-22g= 4.194

Thus, there are 4 Fe
2+ ions and 4O2– ions in each unit cell.

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