Predict the correct order among the following.

  • long pair-lone pair> bond pair-bond pair> lone pair>bond pair

  • bond pair-bond pair> lone pair-bond pair > lone pair -lone pair

  • lone pair -bond pair > bond pair- bond pair> lone pair -lone pair

  • lone pair -bond pair > bond pair- bond pair> lone pair -lone pair


D.

lone pair -bond pair > bond pair- bond pair> lone pair -lone pair

According to the VSPER theory, a lone pair occupies more space than a bond pair, Hence when lone pair-lone pair interacts with each other they repel more and thus the correct order is:

lone pair - lone pair > lone pair-bond pair > bond pair -bond pair.

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Which of the following species contains an equal number of σ and Π bond? 

  • HCO3-

  • XeO4

  • (CN)2

  • (CN)2


B.

XeO4

Structure

σ and Π 

 

 σ bond -4
 Π bond-1 

 

 σ bond -4
 Π bond-4

 

 σ bond -3
 Π bond-4

 

 σ bond -6
 Π bond-4 

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Consider the following compounds

Hyperconjugation occurs in 

  • I only

  • II only

  • III only

  • III only


C.

III only

Hyperconjugation occurs through the H- atoms present on the carbon atom next to the double bond i.e alpha hydrogen atoms. There is no alpha -H in the structure I and II.
So, hyperconjugation occurs in structure III only ie. 

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Consider the molecules CH4, NH3 and H2O. Which of the given statement is false?

  • The H-O-H bond angle in H2O  is larger than the H-C-H bond angle in CH4.

  • The H-O-H bond angle in H2O is smaller than the H-N-H bond angle in NH3.

  • The H-C-H bond angle in CH4 is larger than the H-N-H bond angle in NH3

  • The H-C-H bond angle in CH4 is larger than the H-N-H bond angle in NH3


A.

The H-O-H bond angle in H2O  is larger than the H-C-H bond angle in CH4.

According to VBT: lone pair-lone pair repulsion is more than a bond pair -lone pair repulsion.
As the number of lone pair of electrons on central element increases, repulsion between that lone pair of electrons increases and therefore, bond angle decreases.

Molecules

Bond angle

CH4 (no lone pair of electrons)

1090.5

NH3(one lone pair of electrons)

107.50

H2O (two lone pair of electrons)

104.450

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The pair of an electron in the given carbanion,CH subscript 3 straight C identical to straight C to the power of minus is present in which orbital? 

  • sp3

  • sp2

  • sp

  • sp


C.

sp

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