Short Answer Type

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What are 'true breeding lines' that are used to study inheritance pattern of traits in plants?


True breeding line is one that, having undergone continuous self-pollination, shows the stable trait inheritance and expression for several generations.

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Name any two types of cells that act as 'cellular barriers' to provide innate immunity in humans.

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Give an example of an organism that enters 'diapause' and why.

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How is 'stratification' represented in a forest ecosystem?

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How does the gene 'I' control ABO blood groups in humans? Write the effect the gene has on the structure of red blood cells.

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State the cause of accelerated eutrophication.

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Why do algae and fungi shift to sexual mode of reproduction just before the onset of adverse conditions?

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Mention the type of host cells suitable for the gene guns to introduce an alien DNA.

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Identify 'a' and 'b' in the figure given below representing proportionate number of major vertebrate taxa.


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Write the name of the organism that is referred to as the 'Terror of Bengal'.

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