How has the European Union evolved over time from an economic union to an increasingly political one?
The EU has started to act more as a nation state.
(i) European integration after 1945 was aided by the cold war. Under the Marshall plan, the OEEC was established in 1948 to channel aid to the west European states.
(ii) The process acquired a political dimension with the creation of the European Parliament.
(iii) The foundation was thus laid for a common foreign and security policy, cooperation on justice and home affairs, and the creation of a single currency.
(iv) While the attempts to have a Constitution for the EU have failed still it has its own flag, anthem, founding date and currency. It also has some form of a common foreign and security policy in its dealings with other nations.
Why did Indian distance itself from the two camps led by the U.S. and the Soviet Union? Explain.
Study the cartoon given below carefully and answer the following questions:
(i) Which country is represented by this mighty soldier?
(ii) Why have the names of so many countries been written on the uniform of the soldier?
(iii) What message does this cartoon convey to the international community?
Read the passage given below carefully and answer the following questions:
The Cold War was not simply a matter of power rivalries, military alliances and of balance of power. These were accompanied by a real ideological conflict as well, a difference over the best and most appropriate way of organizing political, economic, and social life all over the world.
(i) Why is a war-like situation called Cold War?
(ii) Identify one military pact each signed by each of the two super powers to balance the power rivalries.
(iii) Differentiate between the ideologies represented by the rival blocs.
Suggest any two steps to be taken by the government to check pollution and save environment.
Critically evaluate the difficulties involved in implementing the suggested reforms to reconstruct the U.N.
