The institution of caste is both visible and invisible in many respects. Justify the statement with suitable examples.
The institution of caste is visible in many respects:
(i) For the SCs, STs and backwards the caste has become visible. Indeed their caste has tended to eclipse the other dimensions of their identities.
(ii) As they have no inherited educational and social capital, and because they must compete with an already entrenched upper caste group, they cannot afford to abandon their caste identity for it is one of the few collective assets they have. Moreover, they continue to suffer from discrimination of various kinds.
The institution of caste is invisible in many respects:
(i) One of the most significant paradoxical changes in the caste system in the contemporary period is that it has tended to become 'invisible' for the upper caste, urban middle and upper classes.
(ii) The groups who have benefited the maximum from the developmental policies of the post-colonial era, Caste has appeared to decline in importance.
(iii) The upper Caste elite were able to benefit from subsidised public education with special reference to profession education in science, technology medicine and management.
(iv) In the beginning, their lead over the rest of society ensured that they did not have any tough competition. Their privileged status become consolidated in their second and third generation.
Read the following passage and answer the given question:
The place is a cramped…rented shack stacked with music tapes and rusty electrical appliances which doubles up as Raghav‟s radio station and repair shop.
He may not be literate, but Raghav‟s ingenuous FM station has made him more popular than local politicians. Raghav‟s love affair with radio began in 1997 when he started out as a mechanic in a local repair shop. When the shop owner left the area, Raghav, son of a cancer-ridden farm worker, took over the shack with his friend. Sometime in 2003, Raghav, who by now had learned much about radio…In impoverished Bihar state, where many areas lack power supplies, the cheap battery-powered transistor remains the most popular source of entertainment. “It took a long time to come up with the idea and make the kit which could transmit my programmes at a fixed radio frequency. The kit cost me 50 rupees‟, say Raghav. The transmission kit is fitted on to an antenna attached to a bamboo pole on a neighbouring three-storey hospital. A long wire connects the contraption to a creaky, old homemade stereo cassette player in Raghav‟s radio shack. Three other rusty, locally made battery-powered tape recorders are connected to it with colourful wires and a cordless microphone.
What changes has media experienced over the last few years?
Read the following passage and answer the given question:
The place is a cramped…rented shack stacked with music tapes and rusty electrical appliances which doubles up as Raghav‟s radio station and repair shop.
He may not be literate, but Raghav‟s ingenuous FM station has made him more popular than local politicians. Raghav‟s love affair with radio began in 1997 when he started out as a mechanic in a local repair shop. When the shop owner left the area, Raghav, son of a cancer-ridden farm worker, took over the shack with his friend. Sometime in 2003, Raghav, who by now had learned much about radio…In impoverished Bihar state, where many areas lack power supplies, the cheap battery-powered transistor remains the most popular source of entertainment. “It took a long time to come up with the idea and make the kit which could transmit my programmes at a fixed radio frequency. The kit cost me 50 rupees‟, say Raghav. The transmission kit is fitted on to an antenna attached to a bamboo pole on a neighbouring three-storey hospital. A long wire connects the contraption to a creaky, old homemade stereo cassette player in Raghav‟s radio shack. Three other rusty, locally made battery-powered tape recorders are connected to it with colourful wires and a cordless microphone.
How can media be successful in representing the weaker section of society?
In what ways has colonialism brought about a social, economic and political influence on Indian society to promote urbanization.
