Read the passage given below and answer the following question:
Data from the National Sample Survey studies of 1999-2000 and from the 2001 Census of India reveal a sharp fall in the rate of employment generation (creation of new jobs) across both rural and urban areas. This is true for the young as well. The rate of growth of employment in the 15-30 age group, which stood at around 2.4 percent a year between 1987 and 1994 for both rural and urban men, fell to 0.7 for rural men and 0.3 percent for urban men during 1994 to 2004. This suggests that the advantage offered by a young labour force is not being exploited.
Strategies exist to exploit the demographic window of opportunity that India has today. But India’s recent experience suggests that market forces by themselves do not ensure that such strategies would be implemented. Unless a way forward is found, we may miss out on the potential benefits that the country’s changing age structure temporarily offers.
a) What is the demographic dividend?
b) Do you think that India is indeed facing a window of opportunity created by demographic dividend?
a) Demographic dividend –
It is a benefit flowing from the changing age structure - caused by a larger proportion of “workers” relative to “ non- workers ( dependants) “ ( 15 yrs to 64 yrs).
b) Yes, India is indeed facing a window of opportunity created by demographic dividend but India's market does not ensure such strategies. India is supposed to be benefitting from 'demographic dividend' as it -
-reduced birth rate,
-reduced the infant mortality rate,
-reduced crude death rate etc.
But, these strategies would be implemented when potential efforts made to achieve goals.
Explain the politics of assimilation and integration used to establish a national identity.
Encouraging cultural diversity is good policy from both the practical and the principled point of view. Justify the statement using India’s case as a Nation-State.
