Optical medium: A material through which light can pass is called an optical medium. Optical medium is sort of a transmission medium i.e., a medium of propagation.
On the basis of their behaviour towards light, different media can be classified into three categories:
1. Transparent substances: A substance through which light can be easily transmitted, making the objects to be seen clearly is called transparent substance.
For example, air, water, glass, etc.
2. Opaque substances: A substance which does not allow light to pass through it is called an opaque substance.
For example, wood, metal, stone, etc.
3. Translucent substances: A substance through which light passes only partially and objects are not clearly seen is called a translucent substance.
For example, wax paper, frosted glass, clouds etc.