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Energy flow in a food chain is unidirectional. Justify this statement. Explain how the pesticides enter a food chain and subsequently get into our body.


The flow of energy in the ecosystem is said to be unidirectional because only 10 percent of the energy is available in the next trophic level. Very less energy is left in the higher trophic levels. Most of the energy is lost as heat and cannot be reused by plants in photosynthesis. Therefore, the energy flow is unidirectional. 

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State the meaning of inherited traits and acquired traits. Which of the two is not passed on to the next generation? Explain with the help of an example.


List three problems which arise due to the construction of big dams. Suggest a solution for these problems. 


What is sustainable management? Why is reuse considered better in comparison to recycle ?


List any four disadvantages of using fossil fuels for the production of energy.


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