The challenges faced by political parties are:

(i)The first challenge is lack of internal democracy within the parties. Parties do not keep membership registers, do not hold organisational meetings, and do not conduct internal elections regularly.

(ii) The second challenge of dynastic succession related to the first one. Those who happen to be the leaders are in a position to unfair advantage to favour people close to them even their family members.

(iii)The third challenge is about the growing role of money and muscle power in politics. Parties tend to nominate those candidate who have or can raise lots of money.

(iv)The fourth challenge is that very often parties  do not seems to offer a meaningful choice to the voters. In order to offer meaningful choice, parties must be significantly different.