In the seventeenth century, merchants from towns in Europe began employing peasants and artisans within the villages.
In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, merchants from the towns in Europe began moving to the countryside, supplying money to peasants and artisans, persuading them to produce for an international market.
(i)With the expansion of world trade and the acquisition of colonies in different parts of the world, the demand for goods began growing.
(ii)But merchants could not expand production within towns. This was because here urban crafts and trade guilds were powerful.
(iii)These were associations of producers that trained craftspeople, maintained control over production, regulated competition and prices, and restricted the entry of new people into the trade.
(iv)Rulers granted different guilds the monopoly right to produce and trade in specific products.
(v)It was therefore difficult for new merchants to set up business in towns. So they turned to the countryside. In the countryside poor peasants and artisans began working for merchants.
Women workers in Britain attacked the Spinning Jenny.
The East India Company appointed gomasthas to supervise weavers in India
Write true or false against each statement:
A.
At the end of the nineteenth century, 80 per cent of the total workforce in Europe was employed in the technologically advanced industrial sector.
B.
The international market for fine textiles was dominated by India till the eighteenth century.
C.
The American Civil War resulted in the reduction of cotton exports from India.
D.
The introduction of the fly shuttle enabled handloom workers to improve their productivity.
The port of Surat declined by the end of the eighteenth century.
