Kidney failure is the partial or total inability of kidneys to carry on excretory functions.

Symptoms :

(a) Kidney failure leads to uremia i.e. an excess of urea and other nitrogenous wastes in the blood.

(b) Salt-water imbalance.

Causes : Many factors can cause kidney failure. Among these prominent are

1. tubular injury

2. infection

3. bacterial toxins

4. glomerulonephritis.

5. fluid and electrolyte depletion

6. internal precipitation of calcium and urates

7. haemorrhage.