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What are the various types of warehouses ? Explain.


Types of Warehouses : There are various types of warehouses :

1. Private Warehouses : These are the warehouses owned by the traders or producers. In these warehouses they keep their own products and do not allow anybody else to keep their goods. Hence they are called private warehouses.

2. Public Warehouses : These warehouses are owned by private companies and government agencies. These godowns are large size and used by all persons such as traders, farmers, exporters, importers and government agencies. These godowns are located in the commerical centres of big cities. Their main objective is to make earning by providing storing facilities.
Once the goods are stored in the godown, warehouse receipt is issued to the owner of goods. After making the payment of godown charges goods are returned.

3. Bonded Warehouses : These are public warehouses which are licensed by the Government to accept imported goods for storage before payment of customs duty by their importers. When the importer finds that he cannot conveniently make payment of customs duty on the goods imported by him, he can request the customs authorities for storage of goods in the bonded warehouse till the customs duty is paid.
These warehouses are located very near to the ports. The management of these warehouses is responsible to see that the goods are not released till the duty on them is paid. The goods which are so stored are often known as goods in a bond meaning thereby that till the import duty is paid these are not be released. By storing the goods in these warehouses, the importer is able to conveniently arrange for payment of import duty and get the goods released as and when and in whatever quantity required.
Bonded warehouses may be owned privately or by the dock authorities. But in any case these warehouses have to work under the very close supervision of the customs authorities.

4. Duty paid Warehouses : These warehouses are located near the ports but are outside the dock bonds. They are constructed by Port Trust Authorities. We have such warehouses in Mumbai. When duty is paid on imported goods the importer can take the goods away into the domestic market.
But it may sometimes so happen that the importer may not be able to arrange for transportation of these goods immediately. In such case, the importer may keep the goods in duty-paid warehouses until they are transported. For this facility, the Port Trust Authorities charge a specified rent.

5. Commercial Warehouses : Some individuals or firms get built warehouses to provide storage facilities on rental basis. Such warehouses are constructed at commercial and industrial centres. These warehouses are maintained properly.
Power arrangements are made for the preservation of goods stored there. These warehouses may be insured and are run according to the rules and regulations of the government.

6. Cold Storage Warehouses : Some perishable goods such as vegetable, milk, eggs, fruits, etc. require to be stored for long without getting spoiled.
Cold storage warehouses offer the facility of storing such goods. These warehouses require cold temperature so that perishable goods can be stored long.

7. Co-operative Warehouses : These warehouses are run by co-operative societies to provide warehousing facilities in rural areas. Factories in co-operative sector have their own storage faculty, for instance, most of the sugar factories in Maharashtra have their own storage facilities.

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