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How was Buddha’s presence shown through symbols? Give two examples.


By building Buddhist stupas, maths, viharas, different types of statues showing various postures of Lord Buddha, some of the physical things were shown and worshipped as symbols (such as Lotus) by the followers of the Buddhism.

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Define the term patriliny. Give one example.


Describe the position of women with regard to ownership of property in ancient times.


Discuss how access to property sharpened social differences between men and women in ancient times.


What, according to the Dharmashastras, were the ideal occupations for the four varnas? Give one way in which the Brahmanas tried to enforce these norms.


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