Describe the three chief causes behind the origin and growth of the ‘Bhakti Movement’ or estimate the contribution of the three saints of Bhakti Movement.
I. Three main causes responsible for origin of Bhakti Movement : Shsnkaracharya saved the Hindu religion from decline. But the common masses could not comprehend their high thought and philosophy. Hence the origin of ‘Bhakti Movement’ was quite natural under such circumstances. The afflicted public which was sick of the Muslim invasion, robberies and crulties sought solace in the slave the slaughter of girls and refuse of God alone. Besides this, many evils like the sati system, the racial discrimination were prevalent in society.
II. Three main Saints of Bhakti Movement.
1. Ramanuja : He was the worshipper of Vishnu. Vishnu had various names which were treated as the forms of God.
2. Kabir : He was against idol worship. He was of the opinion that Ishwar, Allah, Ram and Rahim are all one and the same. He gave a blow at the caste system as well.
3. Chaitanya : He was a devotee of Krishna. He accepted Krishna as the incarnation of Vishnu. He opposed casteism too.
Jyhat were the main principles of Bhakti Movement?
Who were Lingayats? Explain their contribution in the social and religious fields with special reference to caste system.
Why do you think that the traditions of Baba Guru Nanak remain significant even in the 21st century?
Discuss the contribution of Amir Khusrau in the fields of music and literature.
