Explain any three causes of the split in the Congress Party in 1969.
OR
Explain the circumstances that led to the mid-term elections in 1980. Cause of split in the Congress Party in 1969
The causes:
(i) Differences between Indira and the Syndicate
(ii) Nomination of N. Sanjeev Reddy as official candidate for the post of President of India in 1969, which was against the wishes of Indira Gandhi.
(iii) Revolutionary steps taken by Indira Gandhi were not welcomed by the old Congress leaders .
(iv) Indira Gandhi supported V.V.Giri as an independent Candidate for the post of President of India.
(v) The defeat of N. Sanjeev Reddy led to the split of the Congress Party Circumstances that led to the mid-term election in 1980
Or
(i) The opposition to an emergency could not keep the Janta Party together for a long time . The Janta Party lacked direction,leadership and a common programme.
(ii) Janta party government could not bring about a fundamental change in policies from those pursued by the Congress earlier.
(iii) The Janta Party split and the government which was led by Morarji Desai lost its majority in less than 18 months.
(iv) Another government headed by Charan Singh was formed on the assurance of the support of the Congress Party. But the Congress Party later decided to withdraw its support with the result that Charan Singh Government could remain in powerfor just four months.
Match the following:
| A. A politically controversial appointment | (i) Charu Mjumdar |
| B. Led the Railway strike in 1974 | (ii) Jayaprakash Narayan |
| C. Declined to join Nehru’s Cabinet | (iii) George Fernandes |
| D. Declined to join Nehru’s Cabinet | (iv) Justice A.N. Ray |
What forced the Union Government of India to appoint the States Re-organization Commission in 1953? Mention its two main recommendations. Name any four new States formed after 1956.
OR
Describe the various steps taken to hold the first general elections in India. How far these elections were successful?
Match the following:
| A. S. A. Dange | (i) Bharatiya Jan Sangh |
| B. Shyam Prasad Mukerjee | (ii) Swatantra Party |
| C. Minoo Masani | (iii) Praja Socialist Party |
| D. Minoo Masani | (iv) Communist Party of India |
Evaluate any three factors that helped the congress to continue to dominate the Indian political scenario for almost three decades after independence.
OR
What was Green Revolution? Mention it’s any two positive and any two negative consequences.
