Describe any three elements of growing consensus among most of the political parties of India after 1989.
Elements of growing consensus
(i) Agreement on new economic policies : Most parties were in support of the new economic policies and believed that these policies would lead the country to prosperity and a status of economic power in the world.
(ii) Acceptance of the political and social claims of the backward castes : Political parties had recognized that the social and political claims of the Backward Castes need to be accepted and support reservation of seats for OBC in education and employment.
(iii) Acceptance of the role of State level parties in governance of the country: State level parties were sharing power at the national level and had played a central role in the country’s politics.
(iv) Emphasis on pragmatic considerations rather than ideological positions and political alliances without ideological agreement as most parties of the NDA did not agree with the ‘Hindutava’ ideology of the BJP. Yet, they came together to form a government and remained in power for a full term.
Analyse any three lessons learnt from the emergency of 1975.
OR
Analyse any three major factors which led the popularity of Indira Gandhi’s government in the early 1970s.
Why is emergency considered to be one of the most controversial episodes
in Indian politics? Analyse any three reasons.
Why was the national emergency declared in India on June 25, 1975? Analyse any three consequences of this emergency.
OR
Evaluate any three factors which were responsible for Indira Gandhi’s achieving a thumping majority in 1971 Lok Sabha elections.
‘Was the declaration of emergency in 1975 necessary?’ Support your answer with any three suitable arguments.
Or
Explain any three lessons learnt from the emergency imposed in 1975.
