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The species diversity of plants (22 per cent) is much less than that of animals (72 per cent). What could be the explanations to how animals achieved greater diversification?


The diversity of animals is much more than the diversity of plants because the animals are mobile and move from one place to another. Thus they moved to different habitats and achieved more diversity. The animals have adapted themselves to the changing enviroment by developing various features like  complex nervous system, protective external layer or cuticles for better survival as compared to plants.
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How do ecologists estimate the total number of species present in the world?


Among the ecosystem services are control of floods and soil erosion. How is this achieved by the biotic components of the ecosystem ?

Name the three important components of biodiversity.

Give three hypotheses for explaining why tropics show greatest levels of species richness.


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