Hormones : These glands secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) , which is a peptide hormone.
Functions of the hormones :
1. It increases the amount of calcium. It stimulates the resorption of Ca2+ from the digested food and and Ca2+ resorption in the renal tubules. It also the process of demineralization in bones.
2. It decreases the amount of phosphorous in blood.
3. It plays a significant role in maintaining the calcium balance in the body.
Explain the following :
(a) Insulin lowers the blood sugar level.
(b) Hypothalamus and pituitary function as an integrated and coordinated system.
(c)Body growth is greatly accelerated at puberty in the male.
(d) Adrenal medulla and the sympathetic nervous system function as a closely integrated system.
(e) Pituitary gland regulates the reproductive system.
Write notes on the following :
i. Hypothyroidism
ii. Melatonin
