Describe briefly the following :
(a) Origin of replication (b) Bioreactor (c) Downstream processing

(a) Origin of replication (Ori).
1. It is a specific sequence of DNA bases, which initiates replication.A prokaryotic DNA has normally a single oringin of replication, while eukaryotic DNA may have more than one. This sequence controls the copy number of linked DNA. An alien DNA for replication should be linked to the origin of replication

(b) Bioreactor are vessels in which raw materials are biologically converted into specific products using microbial, plant or human cells. It provides optimal conditions for achieving the desired product by providing optimum growth conditions, pH, substrate salts, vitamins, oxygen, etc.

(c) Downstream processing.are the series of processes which a genetically modified product undergoes before it is ready to be marketed. It generally involves processes like separation and purification.

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Describe briefly the following : (a) Origin of replication (b) Bioreactor (c) Downstream processing

Describe briefly the following :
(a) Origin of replication (b) Bioreactor (c) Downstream processing