Mention the type of host cells suitable for the gene guns to introduce an alien DNA.

How are 'sticky ends' formed on a DNA strand? Why are they so called?

State how Agrobacterium tumifaciens has been made a useful cloning vector to transfer DNA to plant cells.

Which of the following is true for Golden rice?

• It is pest resistant, with a gene from Bacillus thuringiensis

• It is drought tolerant, developed using Agrobacterium vector

• It has yellow grains, because of a gene introduced from a primitive variety of rice

• It is Vitamin A enriched, with a gene from daffodil

What triggers activation of protoxin to active Bt toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis in boll worm?

• Moist surface of midgut

• Alkaline pH of gut

• Acidic pH of stomach

• Body temperature