Describe the components of an ecosystem.

Ecosystem. A stable, self-supporting ecological unit resulting from an interaction between biotic community (living organisms) and its abiotic environment is called ecosystem.

An ecosystem comprises two main components :
(i) Biotic components including plants, animals and microorganisms : and
(ii) Abiotic components that mainly includes non-living factors like water, minerals, temperature and light.

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What is the percentage of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), if incident solar radiation is considered 100% ?

100%
50%
1-5%
2-10%

Define ecological pyramids and describe with examples, pyramids of number and biomass.

What is primary productivity ? Give brief description of factors that affect primary productivity.

Define decomposition and describe the processes and products of decomposition.