Resources and Development

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Land resources mean the resources available from the land, thus the agricultural land which contains natural fertilizer for the growth of the products sown; the underground water, the various minerals like coal, bauxite, gold and other raw materials can be counted as land resources.

Continuous use of land over a long period of time without taking appropriate measures to conserve and manage it is called Land Degradation. The degradation of natural vegetation is caused by overgrazing by animals, deforestation, careless management of forests and degradation of land. At present, about 130 million hectares of degraded land exists in India.

The use of land is determined both by physical factors such as topography, climate, soil types as well as human factors such as population density, technological capability and culture and traditions etc.

Land resources are used for the following purposes:

1. Forests.
2. Land not available for cultivation.
3. Other uncultivated lands.
4. Fallow lands.
5. Net sown area.