Species diversity decreases from equator towards poles. The tropics (between 23.5 N to 23.5°S) harbour more species than temperate and polar regions. For example, Columbia situated near equator, has about 1400 species of birds, while New York (41°N) has 105 species, Greenland (70N) has about 56 species and India (in the equator region) has 1200 species. The Amazonian rain forest in South America has the greatest biodiversity on earth; it harbours about 40000 species of plants, 1,25,000 species of insects, 3000 of fishes, 427 of amphibians, 378 of reptiles, 1300 of birds and 427 of mammals.