Long Answer TypeWhat is meant by modification of root? What type of modification of root is found in the:
(a) Banyan tree
(b) Turnip
(c) Mangrove trees
Justify the following statements on the basis of external features:
(i) Underground parts of a plant are not always roots.
(ii) Flower is a modified shoot.
Short Answer TypeExplain with suitable examples the different types of phyllotaxy.
Phyllotaxy refers to the pattern or arrangement of leaves on the stem or branch of a plant. It is usually of three types:
(i) Alternate: In alternate phyllotaxy, a single leaf arises from the node of a branch. This type of phyllotaxy is observed in the sunflower, mustard, and peepal.
(ii) Opposite: In this type the plants has two leaves arising from the node in opposite directions. It is found in guava.
(iii) Whorled: Plants with whorled phyllotaxy have three or more leaves arising from the node. It is found in Alstonia.
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